Khagan: Created page with "{| class="wikitable float-right" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left;" |+ style="font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #f2f2f2; padding: 5px;" | Republic of Uzbekistan
''Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi'' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 8px;" | Flag of Uzbekistan File:Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg|85px|Emblem o..."

2026-09-10T17:10:39Z

Created page with "{| class="wikitable float-right" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left;" |+ style="font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #f2f2f2; padding: 5px;" | Republic of Uzbekistan ''Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi'' |- | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 8px;" | 120px|border|Flag of Uzbekistan File:Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg|85px|Emblem o..."

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{| class="wikitable float-right" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left;"
|+ style="font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold; background-color: #f2f2f2; padding: 5px;" | Republic of Uzbekistan ''Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi''
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 8px;" | [[File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg|120px|border|Flag of Uzbekistan]] [[File:Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg|85px|Emblem of Uzbekistan]]
|-
! Capital
| [[Tashkent]]
|-
! Largest city
| [[Tashkent]]
|-
! Official language
| [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]]
|-
! Government
| [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential system|presidential republic]]
|-
! President
| [[Shavkat Mirziyoyev]]
|-
! Prime Minister
| [[Abdulla Aripov]]
|-
! Area
| 448,978 km2 (173,351 sq mi)
|-
! Population (est.)
| 36,800,000
|-
! Currency
| [[Uzbekistani soʻm]] (UZS)
|-
! Time zone
| [[UTC+05:00]] (UZT)
|-
! Calling code
| +998
|-
! Internet TLD
| .uz
|}

'''Uzbekistan''' ({{lang-uz|Oʻzbekiston}}), officially the '''Republic of Uzbekistan''', is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia. It is bordered by [[Kazakhstan]] to the north, [[Kyrgyzstan]] to the northeast, [[Tajikistan]] to the southeast, [[Afghanistan]] to the south, and [[Turkmenistan]] to the southwest. Its capital and largest city is [[Tashkent]].

With a population of nearly 37 million people, Uzbekistan is the most populous country in Central Asia. It is famous for its historical [[Silk Road]] cities such as [[Samarkand]], [[Bukhara]], and [[Khiva]], which feature landmark Islamic architecture and centuries of cultural heritage.

== History ==
=== Ancient and Medieval Era ===
The region of modern Uzbekistan has been inhabited since ancient times, home to early Iranian peoples including the [[Sogdia|Sogdians]] and [[Bactria|Bactrians]]. It was conquered by [[Alexander the Great]] in the 4th century BC and later integrated into various empires, including the [[Kushan Empire]].

In the 8th century AD, the Arab conquest brought Islam to the region. By the 14th century, [[Timur]] (Tamerlane) established the powerful [[Timurid Empire]], choosing [[Samarkand]] as his capital and sparking a major cultural and scientific renaissance.

=== Russian Conquest and Soviet Era ===
In the 19th century, the Russian Empire expanded into Central Asia, incorporating the Khanates of [[Bukhara]], [[Khiva]], and [[Kokand]]. Following the Russian Revolution, the region became part of the Soviet Union, established as the [[Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic|Uzbek SSR]] in 1924. Uzbekistan declared its independence on 31 August 1991.

== Geography ==
Uzbekistan is one of only two doubly landlocked countries in the world (the other being [[Liechtenstein]]). Most of its terrain consists of flat desert, including the [[Kyzylkum Desert]], while the east is mountainous, containing the fertile [[Fergana Valley]]. The country shares the shrinking [[Aral Sea]] with Kazakhstan along its western border.

=== Climate ===
Uzbekistan features a continental climate with hot summers and cool to cold winters. Precipitation is generally light across the country, except in mountain areas.

== Economy ==
Uzbekistan is rich in natural resources, including natural gas, petroleum, gold, uranium, and copper. It is historically one of the world's major producers of cotton, though economic diversification efforts under President [[Shavkat Mirziyoyev]] have broadened investment into manufacturing, tourism, and services.

== Demographics ==
* **Population:** ~36.8 million inhabitants.
* **Ethnic groups:** [[Uzbeks]] (approx. 84%), followed by [[Tajiks]], [[Kazakhs]], [[Russians in Uzbekistan|Russians]], [[Karakalpaks]], and [[Tatars]].
* **Religions:** Predominantly [[Islam]] (approx. 88–90%, primarily Sunni) and [[Eastern Orthodoxy]] (~9%).
* **Languages:** Uzbek is the sole official state language; Russian is widely used for interethnic communication, and [[Karakalpak language|Karakalpak]] is co-official in the autonomous [[Karakalpakstan]] region.

== See also ==

== References ==
<references />

Uzbekistan - Revision history